Cubital Tunnel Syndrome

What Is Cubital Tunnel Syndrome?

The ulnar nerve travels from the neck to the hand, passing through the cubital tunnel, a narrow passageway on the inside of the elbow. Compression or irritation of this nerve at the elbow can lead to symptoms in the forearm, hand, and fingers. Cubital tunnel syndrome is the second most common nerve compression condition in the arm, after carpal tunnel syndrome.

Symptoms of Cubital Tunnel Syndrome

Common symptoms of cubital tunnel syndrome include:

• Numbness and Tingling: Often felt in the ring and pinky fingers, especially when the elbow is bent.
• Weak Grip Strength: Difficulty gripping objects or performing fine motor tasks.
• Elbow Pain: Aching or discomfort on the inside of the elbow.
• Hand Weakness: Reduced strength in the affected hand and fingers.
• Worsening Symptoms at Night: Symptoms may intensify when sleeping with the elbow bent.

If these symptoms interfere with your daily activities, it’s essential to seek evaluation and treatment.

Cubital Tunnel Syndrome Causes and Risk Factors

Cubital tunnel syndrome can develop due to:

• Prolonged Elbow Bending: Activities that require frequent elbow flexion, such as holding a phone or driving.
• Pressure on the Elbow: Leaning on the elbow for extended periods can compress the ulnar nerve.
• Repetitive Movements: Repeated bending or straightening of the elbow during work or sports.
• Elbow Trauma: Previous fractures or dislocations can alter the anatomy of the cubital tunnel.
• Anatomical Variations: A naturally smaller cubital tunnel can increase the risk of nerve compression.

Diagnosing Cubital Tunnel Syndrome

At Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush, diagnosing cubital tunnel syndrome involves:

• Medical History and Physical Exam: Assessing symptoms, elbow motion, and hand function.
• Nerve Conduction Studies (NCS): Measuring the speed and strength of nerve signals to identify compression.
• Electromyography (EMG): Evaluating muscle response to nerve stimulation.
• Imaging Tests: X-rays or MRI may be used to identify structural abnormalities or injuries contributing to the condition.

Treatment Options for Cubital Tunnel Syndrome

Our specialists offer a comprehensive range of treatments for cubital tunnel syndrome, tailored to your specific needs.

Non-Surgical Treatments

• Activity Modification: Avoiding activities that aggravate symptoms, such as prolonged elbow bending.
• Elbow Padding or Bracing: Wearing a splint or pad to protect the elbow and reduce pressure on the nerve.
• Anti-Inflammatory Medications: Reducing pain and swelling.
• Physical Therapy: Strengthening exercises to improve nerve function and relieve symptoms.

Surgical Treatments

If conservative treatments are not effective, surgery may be recommended to relieve nerve compression. Surgical options include:

• Cubital Tunnel Release: Enlarging the cubital tunnel to reduce pressure on the ulnar nerve.
• Ulnar Nerve Transposition: Moving the nerve to a new position in front of the elbow to prevent compression.
• Medial Epicondylectomy: Removing part of the bony prominence on the inside of the elbow to create more space for the nerve.

Our surgeons specialize in minimally invasive techniques to ensure precise treatment and faster recovery.

Recovery and Rehabilitation

Recovery from cubital tunnel syndrome treatment depends on the severity of the condition and the chosen treatment method. Key aspects of recovery include:

• Initial Protection: Wearing a splint or brace to support the elbow during healing.
• Physical Therapy: Exercises to restore strength, flexibility, and nerve function.
• Gradual Return to Activities: Resuming normal activities as symptoms improve, typically within a few weeks for non-surgical treatment and a few months after surgery.

Our team will provide personalized guidance throughout your recovery to ensure the best possible outcome.