Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS)

What Is Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome?

Patellofemoral pain syndrome occurs when the kneecap doesn’t move smoothly within the groove at the end of the thigh bone (femur). This can lead to irritation and pain, often caused by overuse, improper movement patterns, or muscular imbalances. While it is not typically caused by a specific injury, PFPS can significantly impact daily activities and athletic performance.

Symptoms of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

People with PFPS may experience:

• Pain at the Front of the Knee: Often worsened by activities such as running, squatting, climbing stairs, or sitting for long periods.
• A Dull, Aching Pain: Located around or behind the kneecap.
• Grinding or Popping Sensations: Felt in the knee during movement.
• Knee Stiffness: Especially after prolonged periods of sitting.
• Tenderness: Around the edges of the kneecap.

Causes and Risk Factors

PFPS can develop due to several factors, including:

• Overuse: Repetitive movements or high-impact activities that place stress on the knee joint.
• Muscle Imbalances: Weakness or tightness in the muscles surrounding the knee, particularly the quadriceps, hamstrings, and hip muscles.
• Improper Alignment: Misalignment of the kneecap within its groove can cause uneven pressure and irritation.
• Poor Technique: Improper form during exercise, running, or physical activities.
• Foot Mechanics: Flat feet or improper footwear can alter the mechanics of the knee joint, contributing to PFPS.

Athletes, runners, and individuals who engage in repetitive knee-bending activities are at a higher risk of developing this condition.

Diagnosing Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

At Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush, diagnosing PFPS begins with a comprehensive evaluation, including:

• Medical History: Discussing symptoms, activity levels, and any previous injuries.
• Physical Examination: Assessing knee alignment, range of motion, muscle strength, and tenderness.
• Imaging Tests: X-rays or MRIs may be used to rule out other potential causes of knee pain.

Treatment Options for Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

Our team takes a personalized approach to treating PFPS, focusing on both symptom relief and addressing the underlying causes.

Non-Surgical Treatments

• Activity Modification: Reducing or avoiding activities that worsen pain, such as running or jumping.
• Physical Therapy: Exercises to strengthen the muscles around the knee and improve alignment and stability.
• Stretching Programs: Targeting tight muscles, such as the quadriceps, hamstrings, and calves, to reduce stress on the knee.
• Orthotics or Proper Footwear: Providing support to improve foot and knee mechanics.
• Ice and Anti-Inflammatory Medications: Reducing pain and swelling in the knee joint.

Surgical Intervention

In rare cases where conservative treatments are not effective, surgery may be recommended to realign the kneecap or address structural abnormalities contributing to PFPS.

Preventing Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

To reduce the risk of PFPS or prevent recurrence, our specialists recommend:

• Maintaining Muscle Balance: Strengthening and stretching key muscle groups to support proper knee function.
• Using Proper Footwear: Ensuring shoes provide adequate support and cushioning.
• Practicing Good Form: Paying attention to technique during physical activities and exercises.
• Gradually Increasing Activity Levels: Avoiding sudden increases in intensity or duration of workouts.

Why Choose Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush?

At Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush, we are committed to providing the highest quality care for knee conditions like PFPS. Our team of specialists combines expertise in sports medicine, physical therapy, and orthopedic care to deliver personalized treatment plans that help you achieve lasting relief and optimal mobility.

If knee pain is slowing you down, we're here to help.